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Virus attachment onto quartz sand: Role of grain size and temperature
(2014) Chrysikopoulos Constantinos; Χρυσικοπουλος Κωνσταντινος; Andriana F. Aravantinou
Virus transport in groundwater is controlled mainly by attachment onto the solid matrix and inactivation. Therefore, understanding how the various parameters affect virus attachment can lead to improved virus transport predictions and better health risk evaluations. This study is focused on the attachment of viruses onto quartz sand under batch experimental conditions. The bacteriophages FX174 and MS2 were used as model viruses. Three different sand grain sizes were employed for the static and dynamic experiments. The batch sorption experiments were performed under static conditions at 4 8C and 20 8C and dynamic conditions at 4 8C. The experimental data were adequately described by the Freundlich isotherm. It was shown that temperature significantly affects virus attachment under static conditions. The attachment of both MS2 and FX174 onto quartz sand was greater at 20 8C than 4 8C. Higher virus attachment was observed under dynamic than static conditions, and in all cases, the affinity of MS2 for quartz sand was greater than that of FX174. Furthermore, in most of the cases considered, bacteriophage attachment was shown to decrease with increasing quartz sand size.
Virus inactivation in the presence of quartz sand under static and dynamic batch conditions at different temperatures
(2012) Chrysikopoulos Constantinos; Χρυσικοπουλος Κωνσταντινος; Andriana F. Aravantinou
Virus inactivation is one of the most important factors that controls virus fate and transport in the subsurface. In this study the inactivation of viruses in the presence of quartz sand was examined. The bacteriophages MS2 and X174 were used as model viruses. Experiments were performed at 4 ◦C and 20 ◦C, under constant controlled conditions, to investigate the effect of virus type, temperature, sand size, and initial virus concentration on virus inactivation. The experimental virus inactivation data were satisfactorily represented by a pseudo-first order expression with time-dependent rate coefficients. Furthermore, the results indicated that virus inactivation was substantially affected by the ambient temperature and initial virus concentration. The inactivation rate of MS2 was shown to be greater than that of X174. However, the greatest inactivation was observed for MS2 without the presence of sand, at 20 ◦C. Sand surfaces offered protection against inactivation especially under static conditions. However, no obvious relationship between sand particle size and virus inactivation could be established from the experimental data. Moreover, the inactivation rates were shown to increase with decreasing virus concentration

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Πλοήγηση Δημοσιεύσεις σε Περιοδικά ανά Συγγραφέα "Andriana F. Aravantinou"